VALVULAR HEART DISEASES: AN INSIGHT THROUGH AYURVEDA

Cardiovascular diseases have a large share amongst non-communicable diseases. Valvular heart diseases constitute a significant part of cardiovascular diseases which cause morbidity and mortality in India. India is currently heading towards becoming a heart disease capital of world. This puts a tremendous pressure on available resources of medical and surgical management. Thus, it would be a great asset if these diseases could be managed through traditional systems of medicine like Ayurveda, which would prove to be a good conventional treatment and prevent the development of complications and need for surgery. This article aims at understanding of VHD (Valvular heart diseases) through an Ayurvedic perspective and critically analyzes the treatment options in Ayurveda. It is noticed that though no single disease can be directly correlated to VHD, many of the clinical features of Hrida roga mentioned in Ayurvedic classics are similar to that of VHD and can be adequately managed by classical herbs and formulations

CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF CHILDHOOD SANSKARAS (SACRAMENTS) IN LIGHT OF CONTEMPORARY SCIENCE

India has a rich cultural heritage which affects the life of a person at all stages of life. Hinduism is one of the oldest world religions prevailing in Indian subcontinent. Hindu mythology describes various Sanskaras (sacraments/religious rites) outlined from birth to death of an individual. Out of the sixteen Sanskaras described, eight are for children. These are Jata Karma (birth rites), Namakaran (naming), Nishkraman (taking baby out of home), Annaprashan (starting solid feeding), Chudakarma (head shaving), Karnavedhana (piercing of the ear), Upanayan (thread ceremony) and Vedarambha (start of formal education). This article analyzed these Sanskaras in detail and gives a critical approach to their relevance in light of modern scientific knowledge. Though primarily considered as religious rites, they were significant in context of child health and provided opportunity for routine examination of child at regular intervals. Sanskara prepares one for the next stage of growth. A thorough review of childhood Sanskaras revealed that they were aimed at preparing the baby for extra uterine life successfully, developed proper feeding habits, ensured adequate nutrition, prevented diseases, adapted baby to environment for further survival, gave individual identity and educated the child. It took care of not only physical but also mental, social and spiritual development of child, thus made him a responsible youth of good character who proved to be an asset to the society. These sanskaras are apt till date and worth practicing in todays era

VEDANADHYAYA: A CRUCIAL CONTRIBUTION OF KASHYAP SAMHITA IN PEDIATRIC CLINICAL EXAMINATION

The field of Ayurveda is broadly divided into eight parts. Kaumarbhritya refers to the science of diseases and care of children, right from conception till adolescence. Kashyap samhita is undoubtedly the pioneer text in this branch of Ayurveda. The text is divided in various sections (sthanas) of which Vedanadhyaya is twenty fifth chapter in Sutra sthana. It concerns the symptomalogy of various diseases in children and serves as a great guidance for pediatric examination and diagnosis as children are unable to narrate their symptoms themselves. The present article reviews the original text of the chapter and critically analyses it in light of contemporary medical science. It is noticeable that Acharya Kashyap has included a wide range of diseases pertaining to various systems like skin, ENT, gastro-biliary, hematology and urinary system and has also included the Bal grahas. The symptoms described are accurate and reasonable in contemporary scientific era also. Thus, a thorough study of Vedanadhyaya is essential for proper understanding of Ayurvedic perspective of pediatric illness and their common demarcating symptoms. It reinforces the view that children are not miniature adults and diseases in pediatric population have distinct features and need to be understood separately.

Vascular Injury in Total Hip Replacement: Management and Prevention

This chapter analyzed the vascular complications in total hip replacement. Vascular injuries are the uncommon but well recognized and serious issue. During total hip replacement, laceration of major blood vessels has been reported which even cause morbidity and mortality. The injury to vascular structures occurs due to the placement of screws to fix acetabular components, structural grafts, and protrusio cages or rings. Massive hemorrhage resulting in immediate exsanguination may be caused due to the damage of any of these vessels by processes such as drilling, reaming, retraction, or dissection. The majority of these vascular injuries might be better prevented or even more proficiently treated by comprehensive preoperative assessment, better instrumentation, and careful postoperative monitoring

Application of Speaker Recognition on Biometric

Speaker recognition is the process of determining which registered speaker provides a given utterance followed by the process of accepting or rejecting the identity claim of a speaker. This paper reports on an experimental study involving signal processing in both time and frequency domain, and to receive a small bit of insight into the principles of speech analysis. This was accomplished by recording four speech segments from each person in our classroom, all of them varying slightly. Comparisons and analysis were then made on each signal, depending upon the instructions given by Dr. Qi

Niosomes: An aproach to current drug delivery-A review

Niosomes are a novel drug delivery system (NDDS), in which the medication is encapsulated in a vesicle. The vesicle is composed of a bilayer of non-ionic surface active agents and hence the name niosomes. The niosomes are very small, and microscopic in size. Their size lies in the nanometric scale. Although structurally similar to liposomes, they offer several advantages over them. It has been a study interest in the development of a NDDS. NDDS has an object to deliver the drug at a rate directed by the needs of the body during the period of treatment of a disease, and reach the active ingredient to the site of action. A number of NDDS have been reported through various routes of administration, to achieve controlled and targeted drug delivery. Encapsulation of the drug in vesicular structures is one of the most important systems, which can be predicted to prolong the existence of the drug in systemic circulation and reduce the toxicity, if prescribed uptake can be achieved. Consequently a number of vesicular drug delivery systems such as liposomes, niosomes, transfersomes, and pharmacosomes were developed. Advances have since been made in the area of vesicular drug delivery, leading to the development of systems that allow drug targeting and the sustained or controlled release of conventional medicines. The focus of this review is to the various method of preparations, characterization of niosomes, advantages and brings out the application vesicular systems

Stability prediction of Himalayan residual soil slope using artificial neural network

In the past decade, advances in machine learning (ML) techniques have resulted in developing sophisticated models that are capable of modelling extremely complex multi-factorial problems like slope stability analysis. The literature review indicates that considerable works have been done in slope stability using ML, but none of them covers the analysis of residual soil slope. The present study aims to develop an artificial neural network (ANN) model that can be employed for evaluating the factor of safety of Shiwalik Slopes in the Himalayan Region. Data obtained from numerical analysis of a residual soil slope were used to develop two ANN models (ANN1 and ANN2 utilising eleven input parameters, and scaled-down number of parameters based on correlation coefficient, respectively). A four-layer, feed-forward back-propagation neural network having the optimum number of hidden neurons is developed based on trial-and-error method. The results derived from ANN models were compared with those achieved from numerical analysis. Additionally, several performance indices such as coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error, variance account for, and residual error were employed to evaluate the predictive performance of the developed ANN models. Both the ANN models have shown good prediction performance; however, the overall performance of the ANN2 model is better than the ANN1 model. It is concluded that the ANN models are reliable, valid, and straightforward computational tools that can be employed for slope stability analysis during the preliminary stage of designing infrastructure projects in residual soil slope. © 2020, Springer Nature B.V